产品文案,怎么写才让人有购买欲望
如果是地球距离月球多少公里?你还会有哪种心跳的感觉吗?介绍产品的文案,数字确实很重要,但怎么让数字发挥魔力呢?我们来看以下这组数字:
最不能让人记住的就是:“43项检测”。因为这不是常人的知识储备能意识到:“43项检测”有多牛?那么,怎么让“43项检测”发挥魔力呢?
给大家一个启发。我们去医院体检或看病,检查血常规等。一张报告单上,密密麻麻地写了很多数据,我们常人无法看懂、判断。医生看完化验单后,如果你有问题,通常会说:“正常值是5,你现在已经到了200了,超过正常值150了!赶快治疗。”
同理,当一个数字很能体现产品的特质,但常人又没有这方面的概念时,不妨通过“对比”的手法,凸显这个数字承载的傲娇。以上,希望对各位策划网络产品文案有所帮助。
美式音标中[l],[j]和[r]的发音技巧
20171022 Jeremy
Part 1
Words: Noun(名词) n.
1. names of animals:
cat dog bunny rabbit frog snake giraffe fox deer(发音同dear亲爱的) horse(注意发音与house区别) monkey kangaroo elephant pig cow panda zebra penguin goat lion donkey sheep tiger camel(骆驼) bear wolf(狼) flamingo(火烈鸟) hedgehog(刺猬) fish hippo(全称为hippopotamus [hip?p?t?m?s]) dolphin(海豚) mule(骡子[mju: l]) lamb(小羊,羊肉[l?m]) bull(公牛[b?l]) leopard(豹子[lep?rd]) ostrich(鸵鸟[?: strit?]) baboon(狒狒[b?bu: n]) gorilla(大猩猩[g?ril?]) ape(猿[eip])
2.about places that animals live关于动物住的地方:
in--zoo mountain ocean tree wild(野外) rainforest(雨林)
on--farm land(陆地) underground(地下的)
3. food of animals grass meat leaf(leaves) bamboo bone(骨头) fish banana everything soup
4. activities of animals: verb v. stomp(跺脚) jump swing(荡) climb trees sleep
5.others nouns:
food-eating grass-eating meat-eating tall cute scary chubby fat special(特别的) sound(声音) stripe(条纹)
verbs: draw(画) guess(猜) feed(喂) play with
Part 2: 句型
What animals do you know? I know penguin. I know leopard. I know kangaroo. I know hedgehog. I know hippopotamus.
What animals do you like best? I like horse best. I like flamingo best. I like wolf best. I like donkey best. I like camel best.
What is your favorite animal? My favorite animal is ape. My favorite animal is lion. My favorite animal is lamb. My favorite animal is zebra.
Where can you see an ape/dog/monkey/dolphin leopard? I can see an ape in a zoo. I can see a dog on a farm. I can see a monkey in the mountain. I can see a dolphin in the ocean. I can see a leopard in the wild. I can see a/an animal name in/on a/the place.
Part 3: 6 questions about animals:
1)尺寸: Is it/this animal big or small? Is it/this animal tall or short? It is big. It is short.
2)体格: Is it/this animal strong? Is it/this animal cute? Is it/this animal scary? Yes. It is. No. It isn't. It is weak.
3)身体特征:(抓住特征说something special,不要什么都说) What does it/this animal have? It/ This animal has + number + adj. + body parts. It has 2 long ears. The rabbit has 2 long ears. The giraffe has a long neck. The cow has a black and white body. The panda has a black and white body, too. The zebra has a black and white body, too. The penguin has a black and white body, too. They all have black and white bodies. What does the lion have? the lion has pentagon-shaped hair. What does a zebra have? A zebra has black and white stripes on its body.
4)食物:Let's feed the animals. What does it/this animal like to eat? It/This animal likes to eat....... What does a giraffe like to eat? A giraffe likes to eat leaves. It is a kind of grass-eating animal. What does a goat like to eat? A goat likes to eat grass. It is a kind of grass-eating animal. What does a horse like to eat? A horse likes to eat hay(干草,发音hei). It is a kind of grass-eating animal,too. A panda likes to eat bamboo. What does a lion like to eat? A lion likes to eat meat. It is a kind of meat-eating animal. What does a pig like to eat? A pig likes to eat fruits, vegetables, meat, corn and so on. It likes to eat everything. It is an everything-eating animal. What do you like to eat? I like to eat everything. I am an everything-eating animal. soup of bone 骨头汤 soup of fish soup of vegetable soup of tomato
5)活动:Let's play with the animals. What does it/this animal like to do? It/This animal likes to do sth. What does a monkey like to do? A monkey likes to climb trees. What does a pig like to do? A pig likes to roll over in the mud. What does an elephant like to do? An elephant likes to stomp. What does a gorilla like to do? A gorilla likes to swing. What does a deer like to do? A deer likes to jump.
6)住所:Let's go home. Where does it/this animal live? It/this animal lives in/on the/a place. Where does a frog live? A frog lives in the pond. Where does a turtle live? A turtle lives on the beach. Where does a deer live? A deer lives in the forest. Where does a fish live? A fish lives in the water. Where does a worm live? A worm lives underground(==under the ground). Where does a child live? A child lives in the house. Where does a dolphin live? A dolphin lives in the ocean. Where does the chickens live? The chickens live on the farm.
This is a big animal. It is very strong. It has a chubby body and 4 large short legs. Its skin is very thick. This animal likes to eat grass and apples. It can eat a lot of foods each meal. It likes to swim in the water. It lives in the river. Guess! What is it?---Hippopotamus.
It is not big nor small.( 不大也不小)It is very clever. It has a long body and a curly fin(鱼鳍) on its back. Its skin is very soft. This animal likes to eat fishes. It likes to jump on the sea. It lives in the ocean. Guess! What is it?---Dolphin.
This is a small animal. It is cute. Some people thinks it is scary. It has a gray furry(毛茸茸的)body and a triangle-shaped mouth. It seems like to eat everything. It likes to go out to find food in the night. It lives in the hole(洞). Guess! What is it?---Mouse.
This is a kind of big bird. It is beautiful. It has a long neck, 2 thin long legs and a pink body. It likes to eat little fishes and shrimps(虾). It likes to stand in the water and catch tiny fishes. Guess! What is it?---Flamingo.
Can you describe a kind of animal like that? monkey cat deer bear wolf lion....
sounds of animals: Dogs bark. Cats meow. Cows moo. Pigs oink. Birds chirp. Duckw quack. Snakes hiss. Bees buzz. Lions roar. wolves(狼) roar. Bears roar.
与英式英语相比,很多方面美式英语在音韵上是趋于保守的。有人认为一些北美乡下的口音和伊丽莎白一世时期的英语一样,这点尚在讨论。不过与当代英格兰本土口音相比,美国中西部和北部的标准美式英语在发音上还要更接近于17世纪的英语。美式英语发音保守的主要原因是它混杂了来自不列颠群岛的各种方言。美国东岸地区因为和英格兰关系密切,以当时英国仍然处于优势地位,在英式英语发展的同时美国东岸口音也随之发生变化。美国内陆地区和英国接触相对较少,原先的口音就在很大程度上彼保留了下来了。
大多数当代北美英语都有卷舌音(rhotic,又称翘舌音),字母r在辅音前也要发“儿化音”;虽然当今英式英语没有卷舌音,但在17世纪时英格兰各地全是这样。受爱尔兰英语及苏格兰英语的影响,卷舌音更是进一步在美国发展。大多数北美英语方言中,字母R的发音都是一个卷舌半元音,而不是颤音。“er”音在fur(重读)和butter(非重读)中,用国际音标标记为[?]和[?],但在美式英语中是一个“儿化的单元音”。
英式英语其他的一些改变也没有岀现在美语中,如:
当单独岀现在辅音[f], [s], [θ], [?], [z], [v]之前或[n]之后时,[?]要变音至[ɑ]。因此英式英语和美式英语在bath、dance此类字词的发音上有明显的不同。除新英格兰地区外,美国其他地方都没有发生这种变化。
[t]变音至声门塞音[?],如bottle发音为/bl/。不过要十分注意的是,英式英语中这个变化并不普遍,英式“标准发音”中同样也没有包括这种情况;在北美大部分方言中也根本没有变化,但在美国东岸这个变化就非常明显,也包括加拿大的纽芬兰英语。
另一方面,北美英语的发音几百年来也产生了一些变化
而在英国是没有发生的(起码在标准口音中)。
很多都属于音素变化:
[ɑ:]和[?]两个音合并为[ɑ:],
造成father和bother押韵。
在北美英语中极为普遍,除波士顿口音外,
其他几乎全部美式口音都发生了这种变化。
[?]和[?:]两个音合并为[?:],
也称作cot-caught合并,
即cot和caught成为同音字。
新英格兰东部、匹兹堡周围和大平原以西的口音都发生了这种变化。
字母r之前,[?]、[?]和[?]三个音合并为[?]。
对很多美式英语使用者来讲,
Mary、merry和marry这三个是同音字。
但有些时候这种情况并不明显,而且祗有两个是同音素。
字母r之前,[?]和[i?]两个音合并为[?],
Sirius和serious变成同音字,
mirror和nearer押韵。
字母r之前,[?]和[?]两个音合并为[?],furry和hurry押韵。
北美一些地区,有一些字词在颚音后[?]和[?]这两个音合并为[?],
cure、pure、mature、sure都与fir押韵。
[n]、[d]、[t]、[s]、[z]和[l]之后,[j]音消失,
所以new、duke、Tuesday、suit、resume和luteare
分别发音为/nu?/、/du?k/、/tu?zde?/、/su?t/、
/?zu?m/、/lu?t/.
不同口音中的[?]音拉长变化。
宾夕法尼亚州到纽约市这带地方的口音中就很明显,
如“Yes, I can [k?n]”和“tin can [ke?n]”。
在弱化元音之前,[t]和[d]音都变成齿龈轻击音,
如ladder和latter几乎是同音字,
也许祗能通过前面元音的拖长程度来区分。
有的时候这种合并并不完全,在各地情况也不一样。
[n]和非重读元音之间的[t]音会消失,
造成winter和winner听起来相同。
当t所在的音节重读时就没有这种情况。
很多北美口音中,在鼻辅音之前,
[?]音上升到[?]音,造成pen和pin同音。
这种变化起源于美国南部方言,
已经遍及中西部和西部地区。
英式英语和美式英语中共有的合并包括:
字母r之前,[?:]和[?]两个音合并为[?:],
造成horse/hoarse、corps/core、for/four、
morning/mourning等词同音。
在新英格兰东部和纽约-新泽西地区的古方言中这些词之间仍然有区别,但今日这种变化也广泛渗透着这些地区了。
在南海岸和黑人英语中也许还存在一些区别,
不过[]已经大体上和[u?]音合并在了一起。
[w]之前的[h]音消失。
比如wine/whine、wet/whet、Wales/whales、wear/where等同音字。
美国南部和西部的一些方言中,
这些字词仍然存在着区别,
但这种合并的趋势在今日越来越广泛。
元音:
英语和美语的发音最大的区别之一在
它们对浑元音(schwa,音标中的倒写e,)的处理。
英语中,浑元音在单元音中常通发生在一些非重读的短音a(如about)和短音er(如computer)上。美语中的er很少为浑元音,并有时对短音i(如sentimental,actuality)和u(如wuss),甚至短音的oo(如:hooker)采用了浑元音。
(这四个例子在英语中的发音分别为[i], [i], [u:], [u])浑元音的读音是不定的,但是听起来差不多像一个急促的介于“俄”和“啊”的发音。
英语和美语的发音最具代表性的区别是对er的发音的不同。英语中,短音的er是如上所述的浑元音,但长音的er也不过是个拉长了的浑元音,听起来是一个很夸张的介于“俄”和“啊”的声音。而美语中,er听起来怎么都是个“儿”音(例外是一些俗语中发成浑元音)。
ar:除了轻读短音(如singular)和者后连元音(如clarity),英语的ar全部清一色的长音[a:],而美语中,是“阿尔”。事实上,凡是有r在一个音节尾部的时候,美英发音通常都是不一样的,如tour(英:吐啊,美:吐儿),tear(英:踢啊,美:踢儿),pair(英:pe啊,美:pe儿)。甚至在刚才提到的clarity中,英语['kleriti],美语['kle儿r(er)ti]
元音的发音中还有一个比较重要的区别。一是[o]音:短音的o(如often),英语中发音仅仅为一个缩短了的长音o(如or),而美式的短音o听起来和英语的短音[/\]很像,同时长音o后面如果有r都通常像上一段里说的那样儿化了,没有的话(如plausible, applause)就自动变成了一个短音的o的发音。
另外对u,i和其他元音组合的浑元音化,前面提到了一些,其他就靠大家自己体会了。
辅音:
英语的辅音和美语的辅音是基本一样的,
但在使用习惯上有些差别。
比较重要的也只有以下两个:
r:
字母r简直是代表了英美两国的所有差别,到处都是它。
在做辅音时,其实差别也就是当r在第一个词的词尾,
而第二个词以元音开头,英语把r完全当作元音处理,
而美语会把r连读当作后面一个词的开头元音的辅音,
如词组clear animosity,
英语会读成clear|animosity,
而美语会读成clear-ranimosity。
另一个比较明显的区别是d和t。
在一部分非重读音节中(如paddle,rattle, actuality),
英语会清楚地发音这两个字母,
但在美语中d和t常常会被模糊成一个很难解释的音,
跟其它的语言比较,如果你知道西班牙语或者意大利语,
它跟短弹音r很接近;
如果你懂日语,那么らりるれろ行的辅音很像。
如果你都不知道,那么最接近的解释就是边音l了,
但是差了那么一节,就看你自己体会了。
还有一点,history, factory这些词,
大家可能都发现o的发音(是一个浑元音)
在很多音标标注中都是打了括号的。
在英国,英语受文言文的影响喜欢省略这个o,
而在美国,这个o常常是发了音的。
(如果大家对文言文或者诗歌感兴趣,
会发现很多浑元音的字母是用一个单引号'表示的,表示省略)
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