that which 定语从句的区别
定语从句that与which区别如下:
which与that在定语从句中被称为:关系代词。
which引导定语从句时,先行词是物,在从句中可做主语、宾语、表语。
that引导定语从句时,先行词既可以是人,也可以是物,在从句中也可做主语、宾语、表语。
关于which和that的常考点:
一、在限制性定语从句中,只能用that不能用which的情况:
1)当先行词是指物的不定代词。
例:Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself?
2)当先行词前面有下列词修饰时:the only,the very,just,any,every,some等。
例:This is the very busy that I’m waiting for.
3)当先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时。
例子:This is the best that has been used against pollution.
4)当先行词是序数词或前面有序数词修饰时。
例:The train is the last that will go to Suzhou.
5)当先行词既有人,又有物。
例:Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?
6)当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。
例:which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?
7)主句是there be句型且关系词在从句中作主语时。
例:there is a seat in the corner that is still available.
二、当先行词指物,定语从句中只能用which不用that的情况:
1)在非限制性定语从句中,只能用which。
2)当动词短语中的介词提前时,只能用which。
3)先行词后面有插入语时,只能用which。
例:Here is the English grammar book which,as I’ve told you,will help you improve your English.
4)先行词本身就是that时。
例:What’s that which flashed in the sky just now?
一、适用范围不同
which的适用范围:
1、which指代主句宾语:s+verb+o,which指代o(svo,which指代s一定错!)。
2、which指代主句主语:s+verb,which。
that的适用范围:
1、不定代词为先行词。
2、any , all, each, every, little, few, no, much, many为先行词。
3、“人+物”为先行词。
二、用法不同
which的用法:
介词+which=连词
1、s+verb(+o)+prep+which。
2、s+verb(+o),prep+which。
that用法:
1、序数词为先行词。
2、最高级为先行词。
1、先行词是物,下列情况下,用 that不必 which:前缀既有人也有物。
前缀为 anything, nothing, everything, all, little, few, none, much, one, any等。
当先导词经过序数修饰时;前言由形容词修饰最高级时,“前缀”为 the last, the only, the very修饰时。
2、当先行词是物时,使用 which无需 that。
非限制性定语从句,先行词可以是一个单词、一个词组甚至一个句子。
介词前置,即介词置于关系代词前;前缀为 that。
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