高中英语单词记忆表：c开头的单词

cause n. 原因;导致某事发生的人或事 vt. 引起，使产生

　[特征]

　- The cause of the fire was carelessness.

　起火的原因是由于疏忽。

　- The war caused disasters to the people.

　战争给人们带来了灾难。

　- His absence caused me much trouble.

　他的缺席给我带来了许多麻烦。

　[贴心叮咛]

　cause是非常重要的单词，要注意它作动词时的用法。

　[考点]

　①cause作“引起”，“导致”讲时，后面可接不定式作宾语补足语，不可接动词原形、形容词、副词或分词作宾语补足语。

　(误)What caused her so sad?

　(正)What caused her to be so sad?

　什么使她如此难过?

　(误)Nothing can cause him change his mind.

　(正)Nothing can cause him to change his mind.

　什么也不能使他改变主意。

　②cause作名词“原因”讲时是可数名词，其后面接介词of;作“理由”讲时，是不可数名词，其后面接介词for。

　- The heavy rain was the cause of the flood.

　大雨是导致洪水产生的原因。

　- You have no cause for complaint.

　你没有理由抱怨。

　[备考必背] 辨析cause和reason

　这两个词都可指“原因，理由”。cause是指造成事实的“原因”，是客观的;reason则指对某种行为的解释，意为“理由”。

　certain adj. ①确定的，无疑的 ②某种，一定的

　[特征]

　- I am certain that you'll follow me.

　我确信你会跟我来。

　- For a certain reason she began to cry.

　由于某种原因，她开始哭起来。

　[贴心叮咛]

　certain不仅经常考到，在口语中也经常用到。

　[考点]

　certain作“肯定的，确信的”讲时，多用作表语，后面可接从句、不定式、of等引导的介词短语。请记住下面的短语和句型：

　be certain of/about 对……有把握

　- We are certain of victory.

　我们胜券在握。

　be certain to 一定会

　- I'm certain to do well next time.

　我下次一定会做得很好。

　It is certain that ... 一定会……

　- It is certain that two and two makes four.

　二加二等于四是确定无疑的。

　be not certain whether/what/which ... 不能确定……

　- I am not certain whether he will come.

　我不能肯定他是否会来。

　[备考必背] 派生词

　certainly adv. 当然，必定

　challenge n. 挑战

　[特征]

　- I acdepted his challenge to run the race.

　我接受了他提出的和我赛跑的挑战。

　[贴心叮咛]

　challenge是很重要的单词，要注意它的相关词组。

　[备考必背] 重要词组

　face the challenge 面对挑战 meet the challenge 满足要求;完成任务

　changeable adj. 可改变的，易变的

　[特征]

　- The weather here is changeable.

　这儿的天气多变。

　[练习与解答]

　- Sarah, hurry up. I'm afraid you can't have time to before the party. [2004 全国]

　A. get changed B. get change C. get changing D. get to change

　答案 A

　(快点，萨拉!我担心你在聚会以前没时间换衣服了。本题考查“系动词+表语”的结构。get changed的意思是“换衣服”，changed是过去分词用作表语，此用法和get dressed及be seated一样。)

#英语资源# 导语英语里有很多容易混淆的词语，在高中的考试中极其容易出错，那么下面就跟着 无 来看看，究竟是哪些英语容易出错，以后多加注意，更加仔细的参加英语考试。希望每个人都能取得好成绩！

1. clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2. amount, number

amount后接不可数名词， number后接可数名词 a number of students

3. sound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

4. cause, reason

cause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late

5. exercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice（反复做的）练习 Practice makes perfect.

6. officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer

7. work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job

8. cook, cooker

cook厨师，cooker厨具 He is a good cook.

9. problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用

10. a number of, the number of

a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing.

11. chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉 The chicken is delicious.

12. trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行 a three-day trip

13. in front of, in the front of

in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

14. three of us, the three of us

three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

15. by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.

16. for a moment, for the moment

for a moment 片刻，一会儿，for the moment暂时，一时 Thinking for a moment, he agreed.

17. in a word, in words

in a word总之，一句话， in words口头上 In a word, you are right.

18. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

19. go to sea, by sea, by the sea

go to sea当海员，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海边 go by sea

20. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is

21. in office, in the office

in office在职的，in the office在办公室里 He is in office, not out of office.

22. in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

23. out of question, out of the question

out of question毫无疑问的，out of the question不可能的

24. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

25. by day, by the day

by day白天，by the day按天计算 The workers are paid by the day.

26. it, one

it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

27. none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人　--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

28. other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student

29. not a little, not a bit

not a little非常，not a bit一点也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一点儿也不累。

30. many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.

31. no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

32. no more than, not more than

no more than相当于only，仅仅，只有，not more than 至多，不超过

33. tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.

34. fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly

35. high, highly

high具体的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of

36. sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy困的，有睡意的 a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

37. respectful, respectable

respectful尊敬，有礼貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged

38. pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased主语常为人，pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

39. close, closely

close接近，靠近，closely紧紧地，紧密地 closely connected, stand close

40. ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy

41. good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well again.

42. hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.

43. late, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.

44. living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the living people=all the people alive

45. excited, exciting

excited使人兴奋的，exciting令人兴奋的 I'm excited. The news is exciting.

46. deep, deeply

deep具体的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep

47. before long, long before

before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long

48. instead, instead of

instead是副词，放在句首或句末，instead of是介词短语，放在句中He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.

49. too much, much too

too much 后接不可数名词，much too后接形容词 much too heavy

50. raise, rise

raise及物动词，rise不及物动词 The sun rises in the east.

51. bring, take, carry, fetch

bring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalk

52. spend, take, pay, cost

spend人做主语，花钱，花时间; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主语，花时间; pay人做主语，花钱，pay for; cost物做主语，花钱

53. join, join in, take part in

join加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动, join sb. in；take part in 参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.

54. leave, leave for

leave离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.

55. used to, be used to

used to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接sth./doing sth.；被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.

56. win, lose, beat

win后接sth.，反义词为lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them

57. live on, live by

live on以…为主食，live by靠…谋生 live on fish/ live by fishing

58. lose, miss

lose失去（具体的物体），错过 sth. is lost, lose the chance；miss 想念，错过sth. is missing, miss the chance

59. be tired of, be tired with/from

be tired of厌烦…，be tired with/from因为…而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meters

60. care about, care for

care about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意 He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.

61. feed, raise

feed喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to)， raise饲养，养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the family

62. mean to do, mean doing

mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.

63. a girl, one girl

a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry such a big box?

64. in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

65. in secret, in the secret

in secret秘密地，暗自地，偷偷地，一般用作状语；in the secret知道内情，知道秘密，一般用作表语 My mother was in the secret from the beginning.

66. take a chair, take the chair

take a chair相当于sit down坐下，take the chair开始开会

67. die from, die of

die from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and cold

68. pay for, pay back, pay off

pay for为…付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off还清 pay for the book, pay off the debt

69. arrive, get, reach

arrive不及物动词，后接in (大地点)，at(小地点)，get不及物动词后接to，reach及物动词 arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing

70. manage, try

manage to do设法做成了某事，try to do尽力去做某事但不一定成功 He tried to pass the exam, but he failed.

71. be familiar to, be familiar with

be familiar to某物对某人来说是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物 The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.

72. agree with, agree to, agree on

agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上达成一致意见，主语是复数 agree with you, agree to the plan

73. receive, accept

receive收到某一东西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.

74. wear, put on, dress

wear和dress表状态,wear接衣服等,可用进行时，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表动作 It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.

75. listen, hear

listen强调动作，hear强调结果 I listened, but I heard nothing.

76. look, see, watch

look看的动作，see看的结果，watch强调所看物体的变化、移动和发展watch TV

77. lie, lay

lie躺，位于(lay, lain),说谎(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book

78. hurt, injure, wound

hurt感情上受伤，injure事故中受伤，wound战争中受伤 He was wounded in the war.

79. turn, get, grow

turn表突变，后常接表颜色的词，get强调变的结果，grow强调过程，逐渐的变化 turn yellow, get tired, grow big

80. happen, take place

happen偶然性的没有预料到的事情的发生，take place必然性的发生 Great changes have taken place in my hometown.

81. at, in (表地点)

at小地点，in大地点 arrive at a small village, arrive in Shanghai

82. increase to, increase by

increase to增长到…，increase by增长了… The number increased by 2,000 to 5,000.

83. since, for (完成时间状语)

since接点时间或一句话，for接一段时间 for three years, since 3:00

84. on earth, on the earth, in the earth

on earth在世上，在人间，到底，究竟，一点也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth

85. in surprise, to one's surprise

in surprise惊奇地，to one's surprise使某人吃惊的是，

86. in the air, on the air, in the sky

in the air正在酝酿中，on the air播送，广播，in the sky在天空中 His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.

87. through, across

through穿越空间，across在…上穿过 through the forest, across the desert

88. on the way, in the way

on the way在前往…的路上，in the way挡路 The chair is in the way.

89. above, on, over

above在上面，不接触，on在上面，接触，over在正上方 fly over the hill

90. until, not…until

until到…为止， not…until直到…才（常跟点动词连用）I waited until 3:00. He didn't come until 3:00.

91. besides, except, except for

besides除了…还（包括在内）except除了（不包括在内），except for整体…除了某一点以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.

92. weather, if

当是否解时，只有在宾语从句中二者可以互换，其余都用weather，当如果解时用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.

93. because, since, as, for

原因由强到弱为：because, since/as, for. 在句中的位置如下：1)…because… 2) Since/as…, … 3) …, for… Since I was ill, I didn't go.

94. when, as, while (表时间)

when从句动词点动词，持续性动词均可，as重在表示动作同时发生，伴随进行，while从句动词为持续性动词 While I slept, a thief broke in.

95. the same…as, the same…that

the same…as和…一样的（相似但不同一）， the same…that 同一物体 This is the same pen that I used yesterday. (同一支笔)

96. as well, as well as

as well也，常放于句末，和and连用表示既…又；as well as并列连词，不但…而且… He is a professor, and a writer as well.

97. such…as, such…that

such…as像…样的，such…that如此…以至于 He is not such a fool as he looks like. He is such a good student that all the teachers like him.

99. because, because of

because连词，连接两句话，because of介词短语，后接词或短语 He didn't go to school because of his illness.

100. in order that, in order to

表目的，in order that后接句子，in order to后接动词原形 I got up early in order to catch the first bus. I got up early so that I could catch the first bus.

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