such和so有什么区别啊？

泡在奶味里1年前 (2023-12-20)阅读数 6#综合百科

文章标签名词形容词

1. so是副词，修饰形容词和副词；而such是形容词，修饰名词。它们后面都接单数可数名词，但词序不同。

so的词序为：so+adj.+a（an）+n.

such的词序为：such+a（an）+adj.+n.

它们可以表达同样的意思，因此它们可以进行同义改写。

so nice a coat=such a nice coat 这么漂亮的一件外套

so interesting a book=such an interesting book 那么有趣的一本书

注意：后面接复数名词或不可数名词时，只能用such，而不能用so。例如：

例1：such beautiful flowers 这么美丽的花

例2：such clever children 如此聪明的孩子

但是，复数名词或不可数名词前有many，few，much，little修饰时，只能用so而不能用such，这是一种固定用法。例如：

例3： so many books 这么多的书

例4： so few people 这么少的人

例5： so much money 那么多的钱

例6： so little milk 那么少的牛奶

2.和that连用时，意思基本一样，但句型结构不同。 so...that...句型结构为：?

so+adj.（adv.）+that...

so+adj.+a（an）+单数名词+that...

so+many（few）+复数名词+that...

so+much（little）+不可数名词+that... 例如：

例7：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 这本书如此有趣，我已经看了三遍。

例8：He spoke so fast that we couldn’t understand him. 他说得太快，我们都未能听懂他的话。

例9：It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything. 天气很热，谁都不想干活。

例10：There were so many people that we could hardly move on. 这么多人，我们简直无法继续往前走。

such...that...句型结构为：

such+a（an）+adj.+单数名词+that...

such+adj.+复数名词+that...

such+adj.+不可数名词+that... 例如：

例11：She is such a pretty girl that everyone likes her.她是个很可爱的小姑娘，大家都喜欢她。

例12：They are such delicious cakes that I want to eat another two. 这么可口的蛋糕，我还想再吃两块。

例13：It is such sweet milk that we all want to drink it. 这么香的牛奶，我们都想喝。

注意：由于so和such后跟单数可数名词时，可以换用，同样so...that...与such...that...也可以进行同义句改写。

如上文中：This book is so interesting that I have read it three times. 可改写成：This is such an interesting book that I have read it three times. It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.可改写成：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.

3.so与that可以直接构成词组so that，引导目的状语从句和结果状语从句，表示“以便、以至”的意思。例如：?

例14： He worked hard so that he could pass the

exams.为了能通过考试，他学习很认真。（但such没有这种用法。）

扩展资料:

such可以分为三种不同的词性。

一、形容词的用法

1.such做形容词，是最常见、也是最简单的用法，起到一种强调作用。

She's got such talent. 她很有天赋。

We're having such a wonderful time. 我们过得很愉快。

I've had such a shock.我大吃一惊。

Why are you in such a hurry? 为什么你这么匆忙？

2. 注意上面的第二个例子，'such a wonderful time'。

通常情况下，如果such与名词之间还带有形容词，这时不提倡使用such，因为会引起歧义。而要说'so wonderful a time'或者'a time so wonderful'。

3.当句子末尾加上that引导从句，形成such...that结构时，表示因为前面提到的原因，引起了某种结果。

He speaks to me in such a way that I always feel he is insulting me. 他总是用那种方式跟我说话，总是使得我觉得受到了侮辱。

It was such a boring speech (that) I fell asleep. 这是个乏味的演说，使得我睡着了。

二、限定词的用法

4.所谓“限定词”，指的是对名词的涵义加以限制的词。又分为后对应限定和前对应限定两种。

5.前对应限定的such，指的是前面提到过的某一种类。

He noticed her necklace. Such jewels must have cost thousands, he thought. 他注意到了她的项链。这一定值几千元，他想。

This isn't the only story of crulty to children. Many such cases are reported every day. 这并非虐待儿童的唯一事件。每天都有许多类似案例被报道。

6.后对应限定的such，指的是后面将要提到的某一种类。通常使用such ... as/that ...的结构。

Such a disaster as this had never happened to her before.以前她从未遇到过这样的灾难。

The knot was fastened in such a way that it was impossible to undo.

这个结打得很牢固，根本解不开。

Such advice as he was given proved almost worthless.他得到的那些建议，被证明毫无价值。

He's not such a fool as he looks. 他并非看上去那样蠢。

注意，规范的用法是，这时应避免使用such...that，而只使用such...as，方便与前面的第3点相区分。

三、代词的用法

7.such做代词的时候，也分为前指代和后指代两种。

8.前指代的意思是，指代前面提到过的某个人或某件事。通常，这时指代的是前面整句话的涵义。

Cricket was boring. Such was her opinion befor meeting Ian.

板球很乏味。遇到Ian之前，她一直这么认为。

She's a competent manager and has always been regarder as such by her colleagues.

她是一个能干的经理。同事们一直这样看待她。

9.后指代的意思是，指代后面提到的某个人或某件事。这时通常采用such as to do sth或such that的结构。

Such is the influence of TV that it can make a person famous overnight.

这就是电视的影响，它可以使人一夜成名。

The pain in her foot wasn't such as to stop her walking. 她脚上的痛，还没有到妨碍走路的地步。

The damage was such that it would cost too much to repair. 损害很严重，要用很多钱才能修好。

四、词组 such as 和 as such

10.such as可以连在一起，作为词组使用，意思是“比如、就像”，同like类似。

Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare.

像兰花和樱草花那样的野花，越来越少见了。

Large and important projects such as this one often take years to develop.

类似这一个的大型重要项目，需要好多年才能发展起来。

11.词组as such通常用在词尾，其实只是代词用法的一个引申，或者表示“像看上去那样”。

If this is not genuine champagne, it should not be labelled as such.

既然这不是真的香槟酒，就不应该这样标识。

The new job is not promotion as such but it has good prospects.

新工作并非真的升职，不过前景不错。

五、莎士比亚著作中的such例句

12.such是一个很老的词，莎士比亚就经常用。下面是一些从他著作中选出的例句。

Good night, good night! parting is such sweet sorrow,

Romeo and Juliet: II, ii

良宵，良宵！此时分别真是甜蜜又悲伤。

《罗密欧与朱丽叶》第二幕，第二场

We are such stuff as dreams are made on, and our little life is rounded with a sleep.

The Tempest: IV, iv

构成我们的料子也就是那梦幻的料子，我们短暂的一生，前后都环绕在酣睡之中。

《暴风雨》第四幕，第四场

Alas, our frailty is the cause, not we: For such as we are made of, such we be.

The Twelfth Night

唉，原因在于我们的弱点，而非我们：因为我们由什么材料制成，就会成为什么样子。

《第十二夜》

I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon, than such a Roman.

Julius Caesar: IV, iii

我宁愿做一只向月亮狂吠的狗，也不愿做这样一个罗马人。

《尤利乌斯·恺撒》第四幕，第三场

Teach not thy lip such scorn, for it was made For kissing, lady, not for such contempt.

KING RICHARD III: I, ii

何必如此出言讥讽，夫人，天生你可亲吻的香唇，不是给你做侮蔑之用的。

《理查三世》第一幕，第三场

We were, fair queen, Two lads that thought there was no more behind. But such a day to-morrow as

to-day. And to be boy eternal.

The Winter's Tale: I, ii

我们那时是两个不知道有将来的孩子，以为明天就跟今天一样，永远是个孩子。

《明天的故事》第一幕，第二场

五、词义辨析：类似具有“所以”的词

accordingly, consequently, hence, so, therefore, thus

这些连接副词均有“因此，所以”之意。

1.accordingly书面用词，强调根据某种原因而得出的结果，其前可用冒号或分号，但不用逗号。

2.consequently正式用词，侧重符合逻辑的结果。

3.hence较正式用词，指接下来的东西是理所当然的必需的东西，但强调其重要性。

4.so用于比较随便的场合，口语中多用。

5.therefore通常指引出一个推断出的必然结论。

6.thus多用于书面语中，可与therefore换用。

六、含有so的常见短语

16and so

此后，过后

2.and so forth

等等,诸如此类,以此类推

3.and so on