beginning 和 beginnings 有什么区别 (用法和词义理解上的不同)
at the beginning与in the beginning在用法上有一些区别。in the beginning通常单独用作时间状语或定语,而较少跟of短语连用,其意义为:“起初”、“在开始的时候”,暗含着后来有变化的意思。如:
1. In the beginning we thought we'd never get it all arranged. 在开始的时候,我们以为不会把它全安排好。
2. In the beginning I felt very lonesome in London. 起初,我在伦敦觉得非常孤独。
at the beginning常常跟of短语连用(如of the week, of the year, of the book等),如果后面没有跟of短语,则大都可以从上下文看出来。如:
1. At the beginning of this century a great many Europeans went to live in the USA. 本世纪初许多欧洲人去美国居住。
2. Start at the beginning and read until you get to the bottom of Page Five. 从第5页开头开始读,一直读到第5页末尾。
注意:at the beginning 在单独使用时,有时与in the beginning同义。如:
1. He disliked it at / in the beginning. 起初,他并不喜欢它。
2. At / In the beginning he wasn't interested in it. 开始,他并不感兴趣
beginning是begin的名词形式,“开头,开端”
start作"开始"之意解时,可用作及物和不及物动词,大多数情况可以和begin通用(口语中start较常用)。start和begin后可接不定式,也可接动名词,差别不大。如:
When did you start / begin learning (或to learn) English? 你什么时候开始学英语的?
If Mary doesn't come soon, let's start / begin without her. 要是玛丽一会儿不来,咱们就开始,不等她了。
His illness started / began with a slight cough. 他的病是从轻微的咳嗽开始的。
但下列情况时,只接不定式,不接动名词。
① start和begin本身用于进行时态时。如:
He is just starting / beginning to write the letter. 他刚刚开始写那封信。
② 当物作主语时。如:
The leaves start/ begin to come out when spring comes. 春天到来时,树叶开始长了出来。
③ start和begin后跟understand, realize, know等与想法、感情有关的静态动词时。如:
I slowly started / began to understand how she felt. 我慢慢地开始明白她有什么感觉。
He started / began to realize that how important it was to learn English well. 他开始意识到学好英语有多重要。
在下面几种情况下用start,而不用begin。
1) start=set up, build or found, 可用来表示企业、机构、设施的"创建、创办、开办"。如:
The company was started by the two brothers. 这家公司由兄弟俩创办的。
These doctors are going to start a private hospital. 这些医生打算开办一所私立医院。
We're considering starting a club for the old. 我们正在考虑创办一家老年人俱乐部。
start作"创办、开办"解时,有时可与open互换,只是start着重"创建",而open着重"开始运转"。如:
The hospital was started / opened in 2002 by a rich man. 那家医院是一个有钱人于2002 年开办的。
The musician started / opened a special school for the distabled children. 那音乐家为残疾儿童建了一所特殊学校。
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