spend,cost,put,pay的区别是什么?
spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。
spend的主语必须是人,
常用于以下结构:(1)
spend
time
/money
on
sth.
在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I
spent
two
hours
on
this
maths
problem.
这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2)
spend
time
/
money
(in)
doing
sth.
花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They
spent
two
years
(in)
building
this
bridge.
造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend
money
for
sth.
花钱买……。例:His
money
was
spent
for
books.
他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动,
还可以表示“值”,
常见用法如下:(1)sth.
costs
(sb.)
+金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A
new
computer
costs
a
lot
of
money.
买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2)
(doing)
sth.
costs
(sb.)
+时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering
these
new
words
cost
him
a
lot
of
time.
他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语,
常见用法有以下几种:(1)
It
takes
sb.
+时间+to
do
sth.
做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It
took
them
three
years
to
build
this
road.
他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing
sth.
takes
sb.
+时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing
this
car
took
him
the
whole
afternoon.
他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是:(1)
pay
(sb.)
money
for
sth.
付钱(给某人)买……。例:I
have
to
pay
them
20
pounds
for
this
room
each
month.
我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay
for
sth.
付……的钱。例:I
have
to
pay
for
the
book
lost.
我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay
for
sb.
替某人付钱。例:Don?蒺t
worry!I'll
pay
for
you.
别担心,
我会给你付钱的。(4)pay
sb.
付钱给某人。
例:
They
pay
us
every
month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay
money
back
还钱。例:May
I
borrow
12
yuan
from
you?
I'll
pay
it
back
next
week.
你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。(6)pay
off
one's
money还清钱。
spend/cost/pay/take
(1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型:
(sb)spend
some
money/some
time
on
sth.
(sb)spend
some
money/some
time(in)doing
sth.例如:
I
spent
fifty
yuan
on
the
coat.
=
I
spent
fifty
yuan
(in)
buying
the
coat.
我花50元买了这件大衣。
He
spent
three
days
on
the
work.
=
He
spend
three
days
(in)
doing
the
work.
我干这项工作用了3天。
(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是:
It
takes/took
sb.some
time
to
do
sth=Sth.takes
sb.some
time.
例如:
It
took
me
three
years
to
draw
the
beautiful
horses.
画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。
The
work
will
take
me
two
days.这项工作花了2天时间。
(3)
pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb.
pays
some
money
for
sth或pay
sb.(some
money
for
sth)
例如:
I
paid
fifty
yuan
for
the
coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。
He
has
paid
the
doctor
50
pounds
for
the
medicine?
他买药已付医生50英镑。
How
much
did
you
pay
him?
你付他多少钱?
(4)
cost的主语必须是某物。spend
…
on
sth./in
doing
sth.的主语必须是人。pay
…
for
的主语也是人。It
takes
+
sb.+
时间(或钱)to
do
sth.的主语则必须是形式主语It。
动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost
(sb.)
some
money。
如:The
dictionary
cost
me
20.
cost spend pay的区别
spend,cost,take和pay都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。
spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。
cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。
注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。
pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay money back 还钱。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。(6)pay off one's money还清钱。
cost spend pay的区别:
一、结构及意思。
1、spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。
2、cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。?
3、pay的基本用法是: pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。pay for sth. 付……的钱。pay for sb. 替某人付钱。pay sb. 付钱给某人。 pay money back 还钱。
二、发音。
1、cost,英 [k?st] ? 美 [k?:st]?
2、spend,英 [spend] ? 美 [sp?nd]
3、pay,英 [pe?] ? 美 [pe]?
三、单词变化。
1、cost,第三人称单数: costs 复数: costs 现在分词: costing 过去式: cost 过去分词: cost
2、spend,第三人称单数: spends 复数: spends 现在分词: spending 过去式: spent 过去分词: spent
3、pay,第三人称单数: pays 现在分词: paying 过去式: paid 过去分词: paid
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