which和that的区别是什么？

which和that的区别如下：

1、适用范围不同。which指代主句宾语：s+verb+o，which指代o。which指代主句主语：s+verb，which。that的适用范围：不定代词为先行词。any、all、each、every、little、few、no、much、many为先行词。人+物为先行词。

2、用法不相同。which的用法是介词加which等于连词。that用法是序数词为先行词、最高级为先行词。

一、It用作实词

表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。

二、It用作形式主语

替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式主语的常见句型：1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为（1）It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.

（2）It be adj. of sb. to do sth.

（3）It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型：

It’s no good/use doing…

It’s (well)worth doing…

It’s (well)worth one’s while doing/to do It’s (well)worth while doing/ to do

2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型

（1）It is + noun +从句

（2）.It is adj. +clause

It’s surprising that… (should)………竟然……

It’s a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然…

（3）It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause

It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…

（4）It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do

(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen, occur, transpire, turn out , work out)

（5）It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do

(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept, decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know）

四、It 作形式宾语

用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。

It 作形式宾语的常见句型：

1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)

that 用法

pron.

1. 那;那个,那人,那事,那东西

That's my English teacher over there.

那边是我的英文老师。

2. (已被提到的)那个,那人,那事,那东西

Who told her that?

那是谁告诉她那件事的?

3. 前者

4. (用作关系代词的先行词)那,那个

What is that which you have just stuffed into the plastic cup?

你刚才塞在塑料杯里的是什么东西?

5. (代替句中名词,避免重复)

The output of steel this year has increased by 20% compared with that in 1992.

今年钢产量比一九九二年增长了百分之二十。

6. (用作关系代词,引导关系从句)

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