在条件状语从句中的连词的区别

条件状语从句

通常由以下连词引导：if,

unless,

on

condition

that,

suppose,

in

case(如果，万一),

as

/so

long

as(只要)等

如：

①If

you

are

thirsty,

water

far

away

can’t

help

you.

远水不解近渴。

②So

long

as

we

do

not

divorce

ourselves

from

the

masses,

we

are

certain

to

be

victorious.

只要我们不脱离群众，我们就一定会胜利。

③You

can’t

expect

the

reception

to

be

clear

unless

the

radio

set

is

properly

tuned

it.

如果不把收音机调好，你不可能指望收到清晰的播音。

④Suppose

we

can’t

get

the

necessary

equipment,

what

shall

we

do?

假设我们弄不到必要的设备，那我们怎么办？

⑤We’ll

let

you

use

the

room

on

condition

that

you

keep

it

clean

and

tidy.

我们可以让你们用这个房间，如果你们能保持整洁的话。

⑥Send

us

a

message

in

case

you

have

any

difficulty.

万一有什么困难请给我们一个信。

unless作连词，表示“如果不”，“除非”，在意义上等于if…not,

在有些场合主要是指真实条件句，它引导的肯定式的条件状语从句可以和if引导的否定式的条件状语从句互换。

如：Unless

you

change

your

mind,

I

won’t

be

able

to

help

you.

=

If

you

don’t

change

your

mind,

I

won’t

be

able

to

help

you.

除非你改变你的想法，否则我不能帮助你。

unless不可用于假想的事情，因此，当if…not引导非真实条件状语从句时，一般不可改用unless.

如：

If

she

weren’t

so

silly,

she

would

understand.

如果她不那么傻，她就会懂了。

if any ，if so ，if anything 的区别和用法。

时间状语从句(1)常用的连词有when, while, before, after, until(till),since, as soon as等。

(2)时间状语从句中一般不用将来时，若谈论将来的事情，往往用一般现在时代替，

如：I’ll go on with the work when I come back tomorrow./As soon as he finishes

the work, he will come to see me.

(3)when和while都表示“当……的时候”，但有区别。

when强调“特定时间”，如：

There was a loud knock at the door when he was just falling asleep.

while表示的时间是一段，而不是一点，如：

While he was having supper, he heard someone knock at the door.

while有时还有对比的含义，如：

While I was reading, he was writing.

2.原因状语从句(1)常由because, since, as引导。

(2)because表示直接的原因，着重点在从句，用于回答why,语气最强。

I can’t go to school because I am ill.

since一般表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由，全句中心在主句，语气比because弱，常译为“既然”，如：Since you are ill, I’ll go alone.

as表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系，着重点在主句，语气较弱。常译为“由于”，如：As it is raining hard, we won’t go hiking.?

for是个并列连词，只能放在另一个并列分句后面，表示一种推理或解释，或用作附加说明，而不是指理由或原因，语气最弱，一般不放在句首，常译成“因为”，如：You haven’t met him, for he didn’t come here.

3.条件状语从句

常由if(假如、如果)No matter(不管)来引导，如：No matter what he says，I won’t believe him，如果主句是一般将来时，从句往往用一般现在时来表示将来，如：I’ll go for a picnic if it is fine.

4.结果状语从句

一般由so...that, such...that引导，如：It’s such a heavy box that nobody can move it.

The box is so heavy that nobody can move it.

1 if any ------- 明确了范围：

Tom, please lend me a book on the history of China IF ANY

IF ANY==if you have any books of the sort I mention.

2 if anything ------没有明确范围：

Please give me someting to drink IF ANYTHING

IF ANYTHING == if you have anything / if there is anything that I can drink.

3 if so ------指代某个明确的动作：

I - Will Tom come tomorrow?

- I think so.

- IF SO, i Will tell him what I think of his travel plan.

IF SO== if he comes tomorrow

现在你明白了吗？你的问题很有质量，是我碰到的高质量问题之一。

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