口译与翻译的区别？英文的~~~~

口译

Language interpretation is the practice of facilitating oraland sign-language communication, either simultaneously orconsecutively, between two or more users of different languages.Functionally, interpreting and interpretation are both descriptive words for this process.In professional practice, interpreting denotes the act offacilitating communication from one language form into its equivalent,or approximate equivalent, in another language form. Interpretationdenotes the actual product of this work, that is, the message as thusrendered into speech, sign language, writing, non-manual signals, orother language form. This important distinction is observed to avoidconfusion.Functionally, an interpreter is a person who converts athought or expression of a source language into an expression with acomparable meaning in a target language in "real time". Theinterpreter's function is to convey every semantic element (tone andregister) and every intention and feeling of the message that thesource-language speaker is directing to the target-language recipients.

翻译Translation is the interpreting of the meaning of a text and the subsequent production of an equivalent text, likewise called a "translation," that communicates the same message in another language. The text to be translated is called the source text,and the language that it is to be translated into is called the targetlanguage; the final product is sometimes called the target text.Translation, when practiced by relatively bilingual individuals but especially when by persons with limited proficiency in one or both languages, involves a risk of spilling-over of idioms and usagesfrom the source language into the target language. On the other hand,inter-linguistic spillages have also served the useful purpose ofimporting calques and loanwordsfrom a source language into a target language that had previouslylacked a concept or a convenient expression for the concept.Translators and interpreters, professional as well as amateur, havethus played an important role in the evolution of languages and cultures.[1]The art of translation is as old as written literature. Parts of the Sumerian Epic of Gilgamesh, among the oldest known literary works, have been found in translations into several Southwest Asian languages of the second millennium BCE. The Epic of Gilgamesh may have been read, in their own languages, by early authors of the Bible and of the Iliad.[2]

一般学校会在大二的时候分方向，有的学校分方向会更加详细，比如：英语教育；外贸英语；翻译方向；语言文学方向；大致来说，基础课程都是一样，只是有的课程会变成一个方向的重门课程，而对于另外一个方向的学生说不定就没有那么重要。但就英语学习的实质，没什么不同，知识当然是全面一点好。但是人呢也不是万能的，一个人不会掌握方方面面的知识，所以就会有侧重了。那么真正有侧重是在考研后，基本上大学阶段，不管是语言文学方向，还是翻译方向，我们都只学了基础，所以最好那些该学的，还有不一定要学的，我们都应该学好。我英语专业的，方向是语言文学。我们宿舍也有翻译方向的。我们课程基本上差不多。只是我们多开英美文学课和文学鉴赏课，而她们多开翻译课，其实我们也上翻译课，只不过少了两门专业翻译，比如她们的实务翻译课以及同声翻译训练我们就没有，而我们的文学课，她们不用上。但是书都会发，比如我们也有翻译实务书，她们也有文学书。学不学那就在乎个人了。而到毕业参加专业八级考试，两个方向的学生也公平。翻译方向可能翻译题目要多点分，而语言文学方向文学要多拿点分，语言学是两个方向都要学的。至于考研，我没有那样的计划直接出来工作了，根据班上同学情况，翻译方向和语言文学方向的，上的人数差不多，关键还是在于自己的爱好，因为考了研以后，你的工作基本上就会对口了。如果不喜欢，只为能够进入研究生行列，那么就有点苦了自己，而高估了学历文凭。一般般来讲，文学稍微容易点吧，语言学考上后动脑子的机会很多，会很有趣味。翻译的话比较务实和在于积累。总的来说看个人的爱好，当然还要加那么一点天分的考虑，有的人在文学方面特别的视角看问题会很有发现，那么文学比较适合，也会在研究领域有所成就，而有的人反应灵活，记忆力好，抗压力好，那么翻译领域发展也不错，当然中文还是要有基础的，如果数学啊等等逻辑好，观察力强，可以试试语言学，这样分配会比较容易作出成就来。 不知道这样的答案满意不？因为自己经历过英语的学习，也通过了专八考试等等。算是看到猪跑吧，就算没吃到猪肉，呵呵，希望大家有所收获，欢迎继续提问，

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