【英语高手请进】介词: in within / on onto upon一直没弄明白他们的区别。

within倾向于某一范围的界定，比如时间范围、空间范围等，表在...之内。而in除表在...之内外还可以表示按照、从事等意思。

on和upon大致相等，只是upon更正式化，多用于书面。onto则更倾向于状态的描述，比如朝着...移向...登上...当然也可表示在...之上。

介词的用法是很乱很杂很多很没道理的~要简单又全面根本不可能.你去翻翻字典,最多解释最所谓"废话的"都是介词

不想看别人的废话,自己总结才有用.

尽管这样，还是拿了一堆废话给你...

at

at 1

AHD:[?t] […t ] 非重读时

D.J.[#t][*t ]非重读时

K.K.[#t][*t ]非重读时

prep.（介词）

In or near the area occupied by; in or near the location of:

在…里，在…附近：在某一被占据地区里或附近；在某一场所里或附近：

at the market; at our destination.

在市场；在我们的目的地

In or near the position of:

出现在…一面：在或接近某一位置：

always at my side; at the center of the page.

总是站在我一边；在页码中央

To or toward the direction or location of, especially for a specific purpose:

向，朝向：到或朝某一方向或位置，尤指朝一特定目的：

Questions came at us from all sides.

从四面八方向我们涌来的问题

Present during; attending:

出席：在…出现；出席：

at the dance.

出席舞会

Within the interval or span of:

在…期间：在某一时间间隔或时间跨度内：

at the dinner hour; at a glance.

吃饭时间；转瞬间

In the state or condition of:

在某一状态或状况下：

at peace with one's conscience.

心安理得

In the activity or field of:

在某一活动或某一领域内：

skilled at playing chess; good at math.

精于棋艺；擅长数学

To or using the rate, extent, or amount of; to the point of:

在某一点：到达或运用比率、限度、或数量；在某一点：

at 30 cents a pound; at high speed; at 20 paces; at 350=F.

每英镑三十分；以高速；在二十步处；在华氏三百五十度时

On, near, or by the time or age of:

到达，接近：到达，接近某一时刻或年龄，或到某一时刻或年龄为止：

at three o'clock; at 72 years of age.

到三点；到七十二岁时

On account of; because of:

根据；因为：

rejoice at a victory.

因胜利而欢欣鼓舞

By way of; through:

以…方式；通过：

exited at the rear gate.

从后门溜走

In accord with; following:

根据；遵循：

at my request.

根据我的请求

Dependent upon:

凭借：

at the mercy of the court.

在法庭的宽容下

Occupied with:

正在：

at work.

正在工作

at it非正式用语

Engaged in verbal or physical conflict; arguing or fighting:

争论，冲突：口头或身体上的冲突；争论或冲突：

The neighbors are at it again.

邻居们又吵起来了

================

in

in 1

AHD:[?n]

D.J.[in]

K.K.[!n]

prep.（介词）

Within the limits, bounds, or area of:

在…里：在区间、界限或面积以内：

was hit in the face; born in the spring; a chair in the garden.

被打在脸上；在春天出生；花园里的一把椅子

From the outside to a point within; into:

从外面进入；入内：

threw the letter in the wastebasket.

把信扔进废纸篓

To or at a situation or condition of:

达到或处于某种状态或情形：

was split in two; in debt; a woman in love.

被分成两半；负债；恋爱中的女人

Having the activity, occupation, or function of:

有某种活动、职业或作用：

a life in politics; the officer in command.

政治上的生涯；指挥官

During the act or process of:

在某行动或过程中：

tripped in racing for the bus.

追赶公共汽车时绊倒

With the arrangement or order of:

按照某种安排或秩序：

fabric that fell in luxuriant folds; arranged to purchase the car in equal payments.

富有华丽褶皱的面料；安排分期付相同款额来买车

After the style or form of:

以某种风格或形式：

a poem in iambic pentameter.

以五音步抑扬格写成的诗

With the characteristic, attribute, or property of:

具有某种特征、品质或属性：

a tall man in an overcoat.

穿着大衣的一个高大男人

By means of:

以某种方式：

paid in cash.

以现金支付

Made with or through the medium of:

用或通过某种媒介：

a statue in bronze; a note written in German.

青铜雕像；用德语写的便笺

With the aim or purpose of:

有某种目的或目标：

followed in pursuit.

跟踪

With reference to:

特指：

six inches in depth; has faith in your judgment.

深度为6英寸；确信你的判断

Used to indicate the second and larger term of a ratio or proportion:

指比率：用于次要的和较大的比例或比率条件：

saved only one in ten.

只节省了十分之一

adv.（副词）

To or toward the inside:

朝里面或进里面：

opened the door and stepped in.

打开门走了进去

To or toward a destination or goal:

到达或朝着某个目的地或目标：

The mob closed in.

暴徒围攻过来

Baseball To home base; so as to score:

棒球 回本垒；得分：

runs batted in; singled the runner in.

快跑回本垒；击出一垒安打

Within a place, as of business or residence:

在某地，如在工作地点或在居处：

The manager is in before anyone else.

经理在别人来之前就到了

So as to include or incorporate:

以包括或并入：

Fold in the egg whites.

把蛋清拌进去

So as to occupy a position of success or favor:

以获取成功或受宠的职位：

campaigned hard and was voted in.

激烈竞争后当选

In a particular relationship:

在某种特殊的关系当中：

got in bad with their supervisor.

与监督者相处得不好

adj.（形容词）

Located inside; inner.

在里面的；内部的

Incoming; inward:

新来的；向内的：

took the in bus.

上了新开来的公车

Holding office; having power:

执政的；当权的：

the in party.

执政党

Informal

非正式用语

Currently fashionable:

目前流行的：

the in thing to wear this season.

这个季节的流行装束

Concerned with or attuned to the latest fashions:

紧跟或追赶潮流的：

the in crowd.See Synonyms at fashionable

赶时髦的人们参见 fashionable

n.（名词）

One that has position, influence, or power:

执政党：有地位、影响或权力的人：

the ins against the outs.

执政党与在野党的对立

Informal Influence; power:

非正式用语 影响；权力：

had an in with the authorities.

与当局有特殊的关系

in for

Guaranteed to get or have:

保证得到或拥有：

You're in for a big surprise.

你肯定会大吃一惊

in that

For the reason that.

因为

========================

on

on

AHD:[?n, ?n]

D.J.[%n, %8n]

K.K.[$n, %n]

prep.（介词）

Used to indicate position above and supported by or in contact with:

在…上：用于表示在…上及被…支撑或与…接触的位置：

The vase is on the table. We rested on our hands and knees.

花瓶在桌子上。我们把头靠在手和膝盖上休息

Used to indicate contact with or extent over (a surface) regardless of position:

在…上面：表示不考虑位置接触或在某一表面上：

a picture on the wall; a rash on my back.

墙上挂着的一幅画；我背上长的疹子

Used to indicate location at or along:

表示位于或沿着：

the pasture on the south side of the river; a house on the highway.

河岸南边的牧场；高速公路边的房子

Used to indicate proximity:

表示接近：

a town on the border.

靠近边界的一个市镇

Used to indicate attachment to or suspension from:

表示附在…上或悬于…：

beads on a string.

细绳上悬的珠子

Used to indicate figurative or abstract position:

用以表示比喻的或抽象的位置：

on the young side, but experienced; on her third beer; stopped on chapter two.

相当年轻，但经验十足；在她喝第三杯啤酒时；到第二章为止

Used to indicate actual motion toward, against, or onto:

向…，朝…：用于表示实际的动作朝向，对着…或在…上：

jumped on the table; the march on Washington.

跳到桌子上；向华盛顿的进军

Used to indicate figurative or abstract motion toward, against, or onto:

向…，在…上：用于表示比喻或抽象的运动的朝向，对着…或在…之上：

going on six o'clock; came on the answer by accident.

到快六点了；偶然找到了答案

Used to indicate occurrence at a given time:

用于表示事件发生在某指定的时间：

on July third; every hour on the hour.

在七月三日这一天；时时刻刻

Used to indicate the particular occasion or circumstance:

用以表示某一特定场合：

On entering the room, she saw him.

她一进这个房间便看到了他

Used to indicate the object affected by actual, perceptible action:

对着：用于表示实际的、能察觉到的行为影响到的目标：

The spotlight fell on the actress. He knocked on the door.

聚光灯把光集中打到女演员身上；他敲门

Used to indicate the object affected by a figurative action:

针对：用于表示一个想象的行动影响到的目标：

Have pity on them.

可怜他们吧

Used to indicate the object of an action directed, tending, or moving against it:

向着，对着：用于表示行动指导、朝向或移向的目标：

an attack on the fortress.

对城堡的袭击

Used to indicate the object of perception or thought:

思考的事物：用于表示感觉和思想的对象：

gazed on the vista; meditated on his actions.

注视着风景；策划他的行动

Used to indicate the agent or agency of a specified action:

行为的原因或动力：用于表示对某一特定行为起作用或对某一行为有帮助的东西：

cut his foot on the broken glass; talked on the telephone.

碎玻璃把他的脚扎破了；通过电话聊天

Used to indicate a medicine or other corrective taken or undertaken routinely:

服用：用于表示有规律或经常性服用的药物或矫正性行为：

went on a strict diet.

进行严格的食疗

Used to indicate a substance that is the cause of an addiction, a habit, or an altered state of consciousness:

由于：引上瘾、习惯或意识状态改变的物质：

high on dope.

因吸毒而陷入沉醉状态

Used to indicate a source or basis:

根据：用于表示来源或基础：

“We will reach our judgments not on intentions or on promises but on deeds and on results”(Margaret Thatcher)

“我们将根据事实和结果而不是目的或诺言来作出判断”(玛格丽特·撒切尔)

Used to indicate the state or process of:

表示…的状态或过程：

on leave; on fire; on the way.

休假；着火；在途中

Used to indicate the purpose of:

表…的意图：

travel on business.

商务旅行

Used to indicate a means of conveyance:

表示运送方式：

ride on a train.

坐火车

Used to indicate availability by means of:

表示可利用的方法：表示用…方式获取：

beer on tap; a physician on call.

随时可取用的啤酒；随时待命的大夫

Used to indicate belonging to:

表归属：

a nurse on the hospital staff.

在医院就职的护士

Used to indicate addition or repetition:

表示增加或重复：

heaped error on error.

错上加错

Concerning; about:

涉及；关于：

a book on astronomy.

有关天文学的书籍

Concerning and to the disadvantage of:

关于且不利于：

We have some evidence on him.

我们有一些不利于他的证据

Informal In one's possession; with:

非正式用语 拥有；带着：

I haven't a cent on me.

我一分钱都没带

At the expense of; compliments of:

以…为代价；恭维：

drinks on the house.

免费的饮料

adv.（副词）

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