1 英语动词v+后面的方位动词(up,down,in,out,on,off,over等等) 意思应如何正确推测? 2 理解过程是怎样的?

及物动词+up/down/in/out/off/over

说一下，这个及物动词一般是单音节词的。而后面的副词是表示这个及物动词的结果的。

常用的是可以理解的。如up是往上，还有完结的意思。如：break something up打碎

look the word up in the dictionary

但有些词的意思很特别，得看上下文来定。如put up，可能是“留宿”的意思的。

常用的动词是：put, get, cut, set等。

get over的主要意思及用法：

1) get over sth

overcome, surmount or master sth 克服; 战胜; 掌握:

* She can't get over her shyness. 她克服不掉羞怯感.

* I can't get over (ie I'm still amazed by) how much your children have grown. 我一直在想你的孩子竟长这麽大了.

* I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty. 我认为问题不太难解决.

2) get over sth/sb

return to one's usual state of health, happiness, etc after an illness, a shock, the end of a relationship with sb, etc 恢复常态（如病后、 受惊之后、 结束与某人的某种关系后等）:

* He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he'll get over it. 他因没有得到那份工作而大失所望, 不过他能想得开.

* He never got over the shock of losing his wife. 他失去妻子后便一蹶不振.

* I was still getting over Peter when I met and fell in love with Harry. 我与彼得情思未断之际, 却遇上了哈里又生恋情.

3) get sth over (to sb)

make sth clear to sb; communicate sth to sb 向某人讲清某事; 向某人表达某事:

* She didn't really get her meaning over to her audience. 她并未真正把意思向听众讲清楚.

4) get sth over (with) (infml 口)

complete sth unpleasant but necessary 完成或结束必须做的讨厌事:

* She'll be glad to get the exam over (and done) with. 考试结束后她就高兴了.

get out的主要意思及用法：

1) get out become known 泄露:

* The secret got out. 秘密泄露了.

* If the news gets out there'll be trouble. 消息若泄露, 必将有后患.

2) get (sb) out (in cricket) be dismissed or dismiss sb （板球中）出局, 使某人出局:

* How did Gatting get out? 加廷是怎麽出局的?

* If England can get Richards out they might win the match. 英格兰队要是能使理查兹出局, 他们就可能赢.

3) get sth out

(a) produce or publish sth 生产; 出版:

* Will we get the new dictionary out by the end of the year? 咱们的新词典能在年底出版吗?

(b) say or utter sth with difficulty 勉强说出某事:

* She managed to get out a few words of thanks. 她勉为其难地说出了几句道谢的话.

4) get out (of sth) leave a place, esp in order to visit places, meet people, etc 出外走动（尤指参观、 会友等）:

You ought to get out (of the house) more. 你应该多出去走走.

* We love to get out into the countryside at weekends. 我们周末爱到郊外去玩儿.

5) get out of sth/doing sth

(a) avoid (a responsibility or duty); not do sth that one ought to do 逃避（责任或义务）; 不做分内事:

* I wish I could get out of (going to) that meeting. 但愿我能不（去）参加那个会议.

* Don't you dare try and get out of the washing-up! 你敢逃避洗碗碟!

(b) (cause sb to) abandon, lose or give up (a habit, routine, etc) （使某人）放弃、 停止或戒除（习惯、 常规等）:

* I can't get out of the habit of waking at six in the morning. 我早上一到六点就醒, 这习惯改不掉了.

* Smoking is a habit she can't get out of. 她抽烟成瘾, 戒不掉了.

6) get sth out of sb extract or obtain sth from sb, esp by force 从某人处抽取或获得某物（尤指强迫）:

* The police have got a confession out of her, ie have made her confess. 警方逼她招了供. * Just try getting money out of him! ie He is very mean. 你试试看, 叫他掏腰包!

7) get sth out of sb/sth gain or obtain sth from sb/sth 从某人[某事物]处得到或获得:

* She seems to get a lot out of life. 她生活似乎十分丰富.

* I never get much from his lectures. 我听他的课从未得到过什麽教益.

* She always gets the best out of people. 她一向善於用人.

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