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英语四级语法易考考点:英语词性分类

泡在奶味里3个月前 (04-27)阅读数 4#大学排名
文章标签词性

导读英语四级作为当代大学生必考考试,可以说其无论从含金量还是自身的适用契合度都是极高的,不过想通过此类考试还需要掌握英语词性分类,同时,这部分内容,也经常作为英语四级语法的重要考点,下面我们就一起来学习下英语词性分类,希望对大家有所帮助。

英语词性通常分为十大类:

1)名词(noun,缩写为n.)是人和事物的名称,如pen(钢笔),English(英语),life(生活)。

2)代词(pronoun,缩写为pron.)是用来代替名词的词,如we(我们),his(他的),all(全部)。

3)形容词(adjective,缩写为adj.)用来修饰名词,如great(伟大的),honest(诚实的),difficult(困难的)。

4)数词(numeral,缩写为num.)是表示"多少"和"第几"的词,如four(四),eighteen(十八),first(第一),eighth(十八),hundred(一百)。

5)动词(verb,缩写为v)表示动作和状态,如write(写),walk(行走),think(想)。

6)副词(adverb,缩写为。adv.)是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词,如quickly(快),often(经常),very(很)。

7)冠词(article,缩写为art.)说明名词所指的人或物的词,如a,an(一个),the(这,那)。

8)介词(preposition,缩写为prep.)表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系,如from(从),in(在…内),between(在…之间)。

9)连词(conjunction,缩写为conj.)是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词,如and(和),because(因为),if(假如)。

10)感叹词(interjection,缩写为int.)表示感情,如。oh(噢),aha(啊哈),hush(嘘)。

[注一]属于前六类(名、代、形、数、动、副等词)的词都有实义,叫做实词(notional

word)。属于后四类(冠、介、连、感等词)的词没有实义,叫做虚词(form word)。

[注二]不少词可以属于几个词类,如work(工作;动词和名词),fast(快;形容词和副词),since(自从;连词和介词)等。

关于“英语四级语法易考考点:英语词性分类”的内容就给大家介绍到这里了,要知道充分的准备是拿到证的必要条件,所以在关注考试资讯的同时,一定要积极备考,更多相关内容,关注小编,持续更新。

大学英语四级对语法的要求

这篇关于英语四六级考试常考重点语法详解:从句,是 特地为大家整理的,希望对大家有所帮助!

I 定语从句

 1.先行词为all, anything, something, nothing, everything, much, little, none等不定代词时,关系代词一般只用that,不用which。在大多数情况下that可以省略.

 Please tell me everything (that) you know about the matter.

 That’s all (that) we can do at the moment.

 2.as引出的限制性定语从句

 在such … as的结构中as可作关系代词,引出限制性定语从句。有时和same连用,在从句中可作主语、宾语或表语等。

 Such people as were recommended by him were reliable.

 I’ve never seen such a talented young man as he is.

 I have the same trouble as you (have)。

 3.as引出的非限制性定语从句

 as可作关系代词引出非限制性定语从句,代替整个主句,通常译为“(正)如…一样”,“(正)象…一样”等。as引导的从句一般用逗号与主句隔开,可以位于主句的前面、中间或后面.

 I live a long way from work, as you know.

 She did not, as her friend had feared, break down.

 As is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production.

 4.分隔式定语从句

英语四级语法易考考点:英语词性分类

 定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后,但有时会被其他句子成分与先行词隔开,从而构成分隔式定语从句。

 The days are gone when power politics worked.

 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you French.

 5.介词+关系代词(which/whom等)引出的定语从句

 如果关系代词(which/whom等)在定语从句中作介词的宾语,那么这个介词可以提到从句前,构成“介词+关系代词(which/whom等)+定语从句”。在这种结构中关系代词不可以用that。

 This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.

 The four travelers with whom I shared the room were pleasant people.

 6.关系代词在限制性定语从句中常可以省略,一般有以下几种情况:

 1) 关系代词在从句中作直接宾语时,在大多数情况下可以省略。

 This is something (that) you must always keep in mind.

 The man (whom) you just met is our manager.

 关系代词作介词宾语时,介词位于句尾时关系代词可以省略;介词位于关系代词之前时则关系代词不能省略。

 This is the room (which) Churchill was born in.

 This is the room in which Churchill was born.(which不可省略)

 2) 关系代词作主语时一般不能省略,但如果关系代词在由there … be存在句构成的定语从句中作主语时常可省略。

 This is the only book (that) there is on this subject.

 The old professor made full use of the time (that) there was left to him to continue his research.

 3) 在way后面的定语从句中in which或that通常省略。

 That’s the way (that/in which) I look at it.

 I don’t like the way (that/in which) you laugh at her.

 7.非限制性定语从句

 非限制性定语从句修饰先行词或整个主句,起补充说明的作用,如果省略掉,原句句意仍保持完整。非限制性定语从句要用逗号与主句隔开,其引导词不能用that。非限制性定语从句属于正式语体。经常考到的非限制性定语从句有以下三种。

 1)由which、as引导的非限制性定语从句。which、as代表整个主句。

 He said that he had never seen her before, which was not true.

 China is still a developing country, which is known to all of us.

 2)由 “介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。

 He sent her a letter, in which he said that he was sorry for what he had done to her.

 He failed to pass the exam, because of which his parents scolded him.

 4) 由 “数词、代词或名词+of +关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。

 He had three sons, one of whom was my son’s classmate.

 There are about twenty students in this course, most of whom are freshmen.

 They are two different words, the spellings of which are easily confused.

 Ⅱ 状语从句

 状语从句中以下四种从句考得较多,这里给予简单介绍。

 1) 时间状语从句

 时间状语从句主要由以下连词引导:when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) … when, no sooner … than。

 I will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.

 He didn’t go to sleep until he finished doing his homework.

 You have changed a lot since we met last time.

 时间状语从句还可由某些可充当连词的名词(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副词(instantly, directly等)引导:

 I will tell you the news the instant I know.

 Directly the teacher came in everyone was quiet.

 Note:

 ①before除了可表示 “在…之前”外,还可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量相比较大,可译为“…才”。(“not … before” 可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的力量相比较小,可译为“…就”)。

 It was a long time before I got to sleep again.

 They had not been married a month before they quarreled.

 ②如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等结构时,when表示突然发生某事,可译为“正在…突然”或“刚…就”等。这时,不能够用as或while来代替when。

 I was walking on the street when I ran into my old friend John.

 She had just fallen asleep when the telephone rang.

 We were about to leave when it began to rain.

 2) 条件状语从句

 条件状语从句主要由以下连词引导:if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。

 So long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.

 I shall return next Thursday unless something unexpected happens.

 I will go provided that you go with me.

 Please give this letter to John in case he comes.

 3) 让步状语从句

 让步状语从句主要由以下连词引导:though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介绍几种较特殊的让步状语从句。

 (1)while引导的让步状语从句多放在句首,while相当于although,表示“尽管”,“虽然”。

 While I admit I did it, I didn’t intend to.

 While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.

 (2)短语“even now/then/so”相当于“though it is/was true”,表示“尽管如此”,“尽管这样”。

 The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.

 I’ve tried my best, but even now/then she is not satisfied.

 (3) as引导的让步状语从句要倒装。

 Child as he was, he could speak four languages.

 Hard as she tried, she failed to get the job.

 4) 比较状语从句

 比较状语从句主要由以下连词引导:(not) as … as, (not) the same as, (not) such … as, not so … as, than, the + 比较级…, the +比较级…等。

 We have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.

 She can speak English as fluently as her teacher (can)。

 Ⅲ 宾语从句

 1) 及物动词后的宾语从句

 有些动词的宾语从句前还可有一个间接宾语。

 I remember that we have learned this word before.

 I don’t understand what you have said.

 She asked the teacher how she could learn English well.

 2) 介词的宾语从句

 It depends on whether you want to do it or not

 There is disagreement among economists about what money is and how money is measured.

 Note: 在介词in后面跟that引导的宾语从句中,in that可看成是一个固定的搭配,表示“因为”或“在…方面”。

 The evidence is invalid in that it was obtained through illegal means.

 A turtle differs from all other reptiles in that it has its body encased in a protective shell of its own.

英语四级语法要求?:

能识别词类;区分名词的可数性和不可数性,可数名词的单复数形式;基本掌握各种代词的形式与用法;基数词和序数词、常用介词和连词、形容词和?副词的句法功能、比较级和最高级的构成及基本句型、冠词的一般用法;了解?动词的主要种类、时态、语态及不定式和分词的基本用法、句子种类、基本句?型和基本构词法。掌握主谓一致关系、表语从句、宾语从句、关系分句和状语?从句等句型、直接引语和间接引语的用法、动词不定式和分词的用法、各种时?态、主动语态、被动语态和构词法,还应该熟练掌握主语从句、同位语从句、倒装句和各种条件句。

1.名词:可数及不可数名词;抽象、专有、物质名词的数;'s?属格的各种意义;某些以-s?结尾的名词的数;集体名词的数。

2.?限定词:限定词与三类名词的搭配关系;限定词与限定词的搭配关系;冠词的类指、特指和独指;冠词的习惯用法;?some,?any?和?no?的用法。?

3.?代词:不定代词one,?some,?anyone?及不定代词one,?they,?we,?you,?he的用法;物主代词,非人称代词的用法;反身代词及其他动词宾语的用法。

4.?动词的时和体:一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成体;一般过去时,过去进行时,过去完成体;将来时,过去将来时等的各种表达法和用法;情态动词的各种用法;虚拟式,被动态的用法;不定式和不定式分句,-ing?分词和_ing分句、?_ed分词和?_ed分句的用法。?

5.?定语从句,名词性从句(包括宾语、主语、表语、同位语从句等);状语从句(包括时间、原因、目的、结果、方式、条件、让步等状语从句)。

6.?直接引语,间接引语,并列结构,从属结构(包括独立结构,无动词分句,非限定分句和限定分句的转换);形容词和副词的比较级、最高级;介词与介词词组;附加疑问句;存在句;主谓一致;后置、前置与倒装;省略。从2005年开始,语法与词汇部分恢复为30道试题,题目中约50%为词汇。

英语四级,即CET-4,College English Test Band 4的缩写,是由国家教育部高等教育司主持的全国性教学考试。考试的主要对象是根据教育大纲修完大学英语四级的在校大学本科生或研究生。大学英语四、六级标准化考试自1986年末开始筹备,1987年正式实施。

英语四级考试目的是推动大学英语教学大纲的贯彻执行,对大学生的英语能力进行客观、准确的测量,为提高我国大学英语课程的教学质量服务。国家教育部委托“全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会”(1993年前名为“大学英语四、六级标准化考试设计组”)负责设计、组织、管理与实施大学英语四、六级考试。

就所测试的语言能力而言,试点阶段的四级考试由以下四个部分构成:1)听力理解;2)阅读理解;3)完型填空或改错;4)写作和翻译。

听力理解部分分值比例为35%;其中听力对话15%,听力短文20%。听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解;听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写。

阅读理解部分分值比例为35%;其中仔细阅读部分25%,快速阅读部分10%。仔细阅读部分分为:a)选择题型的篇章阅读理解;b)篇章层次的词汇理解或短句问答。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。

完型填空或改错部分分值比例为10%。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型,改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。

写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%;其中写作部分15%,翻译部分5%。写作的体裁包括议论文、说明文、应用文等,翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。

大学英语四六级--百度百科

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