美国德克萨斯大学达拉斯西南医学中心基本概况

三、德克萨斯大学达拉斯西南医学中心的教研情况

1.UT Southwestern Medical School

　One of the largest medical schools in the country, UT Southwestern Medical School graduates about 230 students each year. Educating and training the next generation of physicians is a core mission, and to ensure that UTSW students are fully prepared for the future they will encounter in the rapidly changing landscape of medicine and health care delivery, a new curriculum was launched for the class that entered Fall 2015.

　The new curriculum was developed over a two-year period of comprehensive review, assessment, and program design, and it is characterized by a focus on team-based learning, close contact with faculty, meaningful mentorship opportunities, and integrating basic science education with patient care training and experience.

　The four years of medical school are now divided into three distinct periods for students – pre-clerkship, clerkship, and post-clerkship. The first 18 months are focused on building knowledge in basic and clinical sciences through rich, team-based learning experiences. The 48-week clerkship period is designed to provide the opportunity to explore clinical fields, with rotations in internal medicine, surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, neurology, and family medicine. The post-clerkship fourth year includes a sub-internship, as well as electives designed to build strengths in the student’s chosen field.

　1、德克萨斯大学西南医学院

　德克萨斯大学西南医学院是美国最大的医学院之一，每年大约有230名毕业生。教育和培养新一代内科医生是它的一个核心使命。为确保学生完全做好迎接未来的准备，为满足快速发展的医学和医疗服务需求，学院为2015级秋季新生开设了新课程。

　该课程的开发前后花了二年时间，经过了全面审查、评估和程序设计。该课程的特点是注重团队基础学习、师生亲密互动，提供有价值的辅导机会，融合了基础科学教育和病人照理培训实践。

　医学院原来采取四年制，现在则分成了三个不同学习时期：实习前时期、实习期和实习后时期。实习前时期占18个月，以基本科学和临床科学知识学习为主，涉及团队基础学习，以丰富学生经历。实习期占48个星期，旨在让学生接触临床实践，内容涵盖内科医学、外科手术、儿科学、妇产科、精神病学、神经内科、家庭医学。实习后时期也就是第四年，其间要求到学校附属医学以外的其他医院参加实习，并提供选修课，以提升学生在选定领域的竞争力。

　 2.UT Southwestern Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

　The Graduate School, with an enrollment of more than 1,000 students (480 predoctoral and 539 postdoctoral), educates biomedical scientists, engineers, clinical researchers, and counselors. Programs lead to Doctor of Philosophy and Master of Science degrees and, in some cases, non-degree certificates.

　Future scientists are trained to investigate basic life processes from the molecule to the whole animal. Students pursue their chosen fields under the mentorship of outstanding faculty that include some of the world's most distinguished researchers.

　The Graduate School has two Divisions: Basic Science and Clinical Science. These Divisions include the specific areas of graduate studies – Biological Chemistry, Biomedical Engineering, Cancer Biology, Cell and Molecular Biology, Clinical Psychology, Genetics, Development and Disease, Immunology, Integrative Biology, Molecular Biophysics, Molecular Microbiology, Neuroscience, and Organic Chemistry – that lead to Ph.D. degrees. In addition, a Master’s degree and graduate certificate are offered in Clinical Science.

　 2、德克萨斯大学西南生物医学科学研究生院

　研究生院有1千多名学生，其中博士前480人，博士后539人。研究生院将学生培养成生物医学科学家、工程师、临床研究员和顾问。课程通常授予理学硕士和理学博士学位，有些时候也提供非学位证书。

　研究生院培养新一代科学家，让他们考察和研究生命基本过程，研究涵盖从分子到整体动物的多个领域。学生在优秀教员指导下从事选定领域研究。研究生院部分老师同时是世界最杰出的研究员。

　研究生院有两个部门：基础科学部和临床科学部。这些部门涵盖了研究生学习的特定领域，包括授予博士学位的生物化学、生物医学工程、癌症生物学、细胞与分子生物学、临床心理学、遗传学、发展与疾病、免疫学、整合生物学、分子生物物理学、分子微生物学、有机化学。此外，临床科学部门也授予硕士学位和研究生证书。

3.UT Southwestern School of Health Professions

　In addition to physicians, many other professionals care for the sick and injured, perform diagnostic tests, and provide therapy for physically or mentally challenged individuals. These health care professionals hold positions which span a wide array of fields.

　More than 330 students are enrolled in UT Southwestern’s School of Health Professions. The school offers a doctoral professional degree in Physical Therapy; master's degrees in Clinical Nutrition, Physician Assistant Studies, Prosthetics–Orthotics, and in Rehabilitation Counseling; and a post-baccalaureate certificate program in Radiation Therapy.

3、德克萨斯大学西南健康职业学院

　除了内科医生，其他卫生专业人员也为患者和受伤人士提供看护，也做诊断性测试，为身体上或精神上遭遇挑战的个人提供治疗。这些卫生专业人员在诸多领域持有职位。

　西南健康职业学院有330多名学生。学院提供物理疗法博士专业学位，临床营养学硕士学位、内科医生助理研究硕士学位、义肢学与矫具学硕士学位及康复咨询硕士学位。此外，也提供放射治疗学士后证书课程。

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随着“中医热”在国外的兴起，中医教育事业在美国也迅速发展起来。目前，在美国已有30多所中医院校，大部分集中在加利福尼亚州，其中半数以上被政府承认。主要的中医、针灸院校有如下几种：·美洲中医学院美洲中医学院始建于1980年，学校提供证书课程和研究生课程。在三年内上完12个学期的课程，能获得针灸硕士学位。修完9个学期的课程，能获得证书，参加针灸执照考试。美洲中医学院的居民诊所，是惟一被加州公共卫生事业局批准，可使用针灸和中草药进行治疗的卫生机构。·美国中西医科大学中西医科大学建于1975年，1979年成为第一所被加州政府承认的中医学校。该学校设有三个专业，卫生工作者针灸专业，为已完成西医专业的卫生人员所设；夜校增设了西医课程；中医博士专业，为合格的针灸师开设。·国际中医学院国际中医学院由米歇尔·曾医生在1984年创办，是一所非营利性学院。教职员工在不同的国家受不同的针灸学和中医学培训，同时，聘请中国大陆的客座教授任教。每年夏季组织学生到中国旅游学习，并获取针灸和中医学证书。

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